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日本の教育制度は義務教育から始まり、高校や部活動、いじめや不登校の問題も含まれます。
Japan's education system starts with compulsory education, including high school, club activities, and issues like bullying and school refusal.
533 words
今日は、日本の教育について、お話ししていきましょう。まず、日本には「義務教育」というものがあります。
今日
N5
n, adv
today; this day
n, adv
these days; recently; nowadays
••
は
N5
prt
indicates sentence topic(pronounced わ in modern Japanese)
prt
indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)
•
日本
N3
n
Japan
•
の
N5
prt
indicates possessive(occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之)
prt
nominalizes verbs and adjectives
•••••
教育
N4
n, vs, vt
education; schooling; training; instruction; teaching; upbringing
vt, vs, n
culture; cultivation; education
•
について
N4
exp
concerning; regarding
exp
per (e.g. 100 yen per person); for every
•
お話し
N4
n
story; tale
n
talk; discussion
•
して
N5
prt
by (indicating means of action); as (a group, etc.)
prt
indicates the agent in a causative construction(as 〜をして in modern Japanese)
•••
いきましょう
N5
v5k-s, vi
to go; to move (towards); to head (towards); to leave (for)
v5k-s, vi
to move through; to travel across; to walk along (e.g. a road)
•••••••••••
まず
N4
adv
first (of all); firstly; to begin with; before anything else
adv
probably; most likely; almost certainly; virtually
•••
には
N3
exp, prt
to; for; on; in; at(emphasises word marked by に)
exp, prt
in order to; for
••••
義務教育
N2
n
compulsory education
•
というもの
N3
exp
something like ...; something called ...
•
が
N5
prt
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object)
prt
indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions)
•••
あります
N4
v5r-i, vi
to be; to exist; to live(usu. of inanimate objects)
v5r-i, vi
to have
••••
義務教育とは、受けなければならない教育のことです。日本では小学校と中学校が義務教育です。
義務教育
N2
n
compulsory education
•
とは
N3
exp, prt
indicates word or phrase being defined
exp, prt
used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)(indicates contrast or adds emphasis to a negative statement)
••••
受けなければ
N4
v1, vt
to receive; to get
v1, vt
to catch (e.g. a ball)
•••••••••••
ならない
N4
v5r, vi
to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain
v5r, vi
to result in; to turn out; to end up; to prove (to be)
••••••••••
教育
N4
n, vs, vt
education; schooling; training; instruction; teaching; upbringing
vt, vs, n
culture; cultivation; education
•
の
N5
prt
indicates possessive(occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之)
prt
nominalizes verbs and adjectives
•••••
こと
N3
n
thing; matter
n
incident; occurrence; event; something serious; trouble; crisis
•••••••••
です
N5
cop, cop-da
be; is(plain copula)
日本
N3
n
Japan
•
で
N5
cop, cop-da
be; is(plain copula)
は
N5
prt
indicates sentence topic(pronounced わ in modern Japanese)
prt
indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)
•
小学校
N4
n
primary school; elementary school; grade school
•
と
N5
prt, conj
if; when
prt, conj
and
••••
中学校
N4
n
junior high school; middle school; lower secondary school
•
が
N5
prt
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object)
prt
indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions)
•••
小学校は、6年間です。中学校は、3年間です。つまり、合計で9年間が義務教育です。
小学校
N4
n
primary school; elementary school; grade school
•
は
N5
prt
indicates sentence topic(pronounced わ in modern Japanese)
prt
indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)
•
6年間
N3
ctr
counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school)
•
です
N5
cop, cop-da
be; is(plain copula)
中学校
N4
n
junior high school; middle school; lower secondary school
•
3年間
N3
ctr
counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school)
•
つまり
N3
v5r, vi
to be packed (with); to be full (space, schedule, etc.)
v5r, vi
to be blocked (road, pipe, nose, etc.); to be clogged; to be plugged up
•••••••
合計
N3
vt, vs, n
sum total; total amount
•
で
N5
cop, cop-da
be; is(plain copula)
9年間
N3
ctr
counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school)
•
が
N5
prt
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object)
prt
indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions)
•••
義務教育
N2
n
compulsory education
•
中学校を卒業したら、次は高校です。高校は、3年間です。高校は義務教育ではありません。
中学校
N4
n
junior high school; middle school; lower secondary school
•
を
N5
prt
indicates direct object of action
prt
indicates subject of causative expression
•••••
卒業
N4
n, vs, vi
graduation; completion (of a course)
n, vs, vi
moving on (from); outgrowing (something)
••
次
N4
n, adj-no
next; following; subsequent
adj-no, n
stage; station
•
は
N5
prt
indicates sentence topic(pronounced わ in modern Japanese)
prt
indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)
•
高校
N4
n
senior high school; high school
•
です
N5
cop, cop-da
be; is(plain copula)
3年間
N3
ctr
counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school)
•
義務教育
N2
n
compulsory education
•
ではありません
N5
cop, cop-da
be; is(plain copula)
しかし、ほぼすべての学生が高校に進学します。高校では、中学校よりもさらに専門的なことを学びます。
しかし
N5
conj
however; but
•
ほぼ
N5
adv
almost; roughly; approximately; about; around
•
すべて
N2
n, adj-no
everything; all; the whole
adv
entirely; completely; wholly; all
•
の
N5
prt
indicates possessive(occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之)
prt
nominalizes verbs and adjectives
•••••
学生
N5
n
student (esp. a university student)
•
が
N5
prt
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object)
prt
indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions)
•••
高校
N4
n
senior high school; high school
•
に
N5
prt
at (place, time); in; on; during
prt
to (direction, state); toward; into
•••••••••
進学
N3
vi, vs, n
advancing to the next stage of education; going on to (high school, college, etc.)
•
で
N5
cop, cop-da
be; is(plain copula)
は
N5
prt
indicates sentence topic(pronounced わ in modern Japanese)
prt
indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)
•
中学校
N4
n
junior high school; middle school; lower secondary school
•
よりも
N5
exp
than; in comparison to(emphatic form of より)
exp
rather than; over; above
•
さらに
N4
conj, adv
furthermore; again; after all; more and more; moreover; even more
•
専門的
N3
adj-na
technical (e.g. discussion); exclusive; professional
•
な
N5
prt
don't(prohibitive; used with dictionary form verb)
prt
do(imperative (from なさい); used with -masu stem of verb)
••••••
こと
N3
n
thing; matter
n
incident; occurrence; event; something serious; trouble; crisis
•••••••••
を
N5
prt
indicates direct object of action
prt
indicates subject of causative expression
•••••
学びます
N3
vt, v5b
to learn; to study; to take lessons in
•
日本の学校には、クラスを担当する先生がいます。この先生は、「担任の先生」と呼ばれます。
日本
N3
n
Japan
•
の
N5
prt
indicates possessive(occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之)
prt
nominalizes verbs and adjectives
•••••
学校
N5
n
school
•
には
N3
exp, prt
to; for; on; in; at(emphasises word marked by に)
exp, prt
in order to; for
••••
クラス
N5
n
class
•
を
N5
prt
indicates direct object of action
prt
indicates subject of causative expression
•••••
担当
N3
vt, vs, n
being in charge (of an area of responsibility); being responsible (for a work role, etc.)
•
する
N5
suffix
makes a verb from a noun
•
先生
N4
n
teacher; instructor; master
n, n-suf
sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.
•••
が
N5
prt
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object)
prt
indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions)
•••
います
N5
suffix
indicates continuing action (to be ...ing)
•
この
N5
adj-pn
this(something or someone close to the speaker (including the speaker), or ideas expressed by the speaker)
adj-pn
last (couple of years, etc.); these; past; this(in ref. to a stretch of time or date)
••
は
N5
prt
indicates sentence topic(pronounced わ in modern Japanese)
prt
indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)
•
担任の先生
N3
n, exp
class teacher; homeroom teacher; home room teacher; form teacher
•
と
N5
prt, conj
if; when
prt, conj
and
••••
呼ばれます
N3
v1, vi
to be called (a name); to be referred to (as)(passive of 呼ぶ)
vi, v1
to be treated to something (e.g. a meal); to be invited to
•
担任の先生は、授業を教えるだけではありません。クラスの学生をサポートしたり、学生の進路を考えたりします。
担任の先生
N3
n, exp
class teacher; homeroom teacher; home room teacher; form teacher
•
は
N5
prt
indicates sentence topic(pronounced わ in modern Japanese)
prt
indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)
•
授業
N5
vi, vs, n
lesson; class; teaching; instruction; classwork; schoolwork
•
を
N5
prt
indicates direct object of action
prt
indicates subject of causative expression
•••••
教える
N4
v1, vt
to teach; to instruct
v1, vt
to tell; to inform; to show
••
だけ
N5
prt
only; just; merely; simply; no more than; nothing but; alone
prt
as much as; to the extent of; enough to
•
ではありません
N5
cop, cop-da
be; is(plain copula)
クラス
N5
n
class
•
の
N5
prt
indicates possessive(occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之)
prt
nominalizes verbs and adjectives
•••••
学生
N5
n
student (esp. a university student)
•
サポート
N1
vt, vs, n
support
•
進路
N3
n
route; course; path
n
one's future course (e.g. after graduating high school)
•
考えたり
N3
v1, vt
to think (about, of); to think over; to ponder; to contemplate; to reflect (on); to meditate (on)
v1, vt
to consider; to bear in mind; to allow for; to take into consideration
••••••
たとえば、朝にホームルームがあります。そこで、学生たちの出席を確認したり、今日の予定を伝えたりします。
た
N5
とえば
N3
v5u-s, vt
to ask; to inquire
v5u-s, vt
to blame (someone) for; to accuse of; to pursue (question of responsibility); to charge with
•••
朝
N5
n, adv
morning
n
breakfast
•
に
N5
prt
at (place, time); in; on; during
prt
to (direction, state); toward; into
•••••••••
ホームルーム
N3
n
homeroom; form room; form class
•
が
N5
prt
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object)
prt
indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions)
•••
あります
N4
v5r-i, vi
to be; to exist; to live(usu. of inanimate objects)
v5r-i, vi
to have
••••
そこで
N4
conj
so; accordingly; now; then; thereupon; therefore
••
学生
N5
n
student (esp. a university student)
•
たち
N5
suf
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
•
の
N5
prt
indicates possessive(occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之)
prt
nominalizes verbs and adjectives
•••••
出席
N4
vi, vs, n
attendance; presence; appearance
•
を
N5
prt
indicates direct object of action
prt
indicates subject of causative expression
•••••
確認
N3
vt, vs, n
confirmation; verification; validation; review; check; affirmation; identification
•
今日
N5
n, adv
today; this day
n, adv
these days; recently; nowadays
••
予定
N3
vt, vs, n
plans; arrangement; schedule; program; programme; expectation; estimate
•
伝えたり
N4
vt, v1
to convey; to report; to transmit; to communicate; to tell; to impart; to propagate; to teach; to bequeath
•
また、担任の先生は、学生たちの相談にも乗ります。保護者との連絡も、担任の先生がやっています。
また
N3
adv
again; once more; once again; another time; some other time
adv
also; too; as well; likewise
••••••••
担任の先生
N3
n, exp
class teacher; homeroom teacher; home room teacher; form teacher
•
は
N5
prt
indicates sentence topic(pronounced わ in modern Japanese)
prt
indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)
•
学生
N5
n
student (esp. a university student)
•
たち
N5
suf
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
•
の
N5
prt
indicates possessive(occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之)
prt
nominalizes verbs and adjectives
•••••
相談
N3
vt, vs, n
consultation; discussion; discussing; asking (someone) for advice
•
にも
N5
exp
also; too; not ... either; as well; even
exp
(it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise(after the volitional or dictionary form of verb)
•
乗ります
N3
v5r, vi
to get on (train, plane, bus, ship, etc.); to get in; to board; to take; to embark
v5r, vi
to get on (e.g. a footstool); to step on; to jump on; to sit on; to mount
••••••••
保護者
N3
n
guardian; protector; patron; parent
•
と
N5
prt, conj
if; when
prt, conj
and
••••
連絡
N4
n, vs, vt
contacting; (making) contact; getting in touch; communication; correspondence; call; message
n, vs, vi
connection (with a train, bus, etc.); joining (a railway line, etc.); meeting
••
も
N5
prt
too; also; in addition; as well; (not) either (in a negative sentence)
prt
both A and B; A as well as B; neither A nor B (in a negative sentence)(as ＡもＢも)
••••
が
N5
prt
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object)
prt
indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions)
•••
やって
N3
v5r, vt
to do; to undertake; to perform; to play (a game); to study
v5r, vt
to send; to dispatch; to despatch
••••••••••••
います
N5
suffix
indicates continuing action (to be ...ing)
•
担任の先生は、学生たちにとって身近な存在です。ちなみに、少なくとも1年間は、同じ先生が担任となります。
担任の先生
N3
n, exp
class teacher; homeroom teacher; home room teacher; form teacher
•
は
N5
prt
indicates sentence topic(pronounced わ in modern Japanese)
prt
indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)
•
学生
N5
n
student (esp. a university student)
•
たち
N5
suf
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
•
にとって
N3
exp
to; for; from the standpoint of; as far as ... is concerned
•
身近
N4
adj-i
near oneself; close to one; familiar
な
N5
prt
don't(prohibitive; used with dictionary form verb)
prt
do(imperative (from なさい); used with -masu stem of verb)
••••••
存在
N3
adj-no, vi, vs, n
existence; being; presence
•
です
N5
cop, cop-da
be; is(plain copula)
ちなみに
N3
conj
by the way; in this connection; incidentally; in passing
•
少なくとも
N3
adv
at least
•
1年間
N3
ctr
counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school)
•
同じ
N4
adj-f, n
same; identical; equal; uniform; equivalent; similar; common (origin); changeless; alike
adv
anyway; anyhow; in either case(usu. part of a 'nara' conditional)
•
先生
N4
n
teacher; instructor; master
n, n-suf
sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.
•••
が
N5
prt
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object)
prt
indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions)
•••
担任
N3
n, vs, vt
being in charge of (esp. a class or subject); taking charge of
n
class teacher; homeroom teacher; form teacher
•
と
N5
prt, conj
if; when
prt, conj
and
••••
なります
N4
v5r, vi
to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain
v5r, vi
to result in; to turn out; to end up; to prove (to be)
••••••••••
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