63 Japanese study words | Once, an old man helped an injured crane in the forest, and later, the crane appeared as a woman.

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昔(むかし)、おじいさんが森(もり)でけがをした鶴(つる)を助(たす)け、その後(ご)、鶴(つる)が人間(にんげん)の女性(じょせい)として現(あらわ)れた話(はなし)。

Once, an old man helped an injured crane in the forest, and later, the crane appeared as a woman.

63 words

鶴(つる)の恩返(おんがえ)し

鶴(つる)

crane (any bird of the family Gruidae, esp. the red-crowned crane, Grus japonensis)

•

の

prt

indicates possessive(occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之)

prt

nominalizes verbs and adjectives

•••••

恩(おん)返(がえ)し

vi, vs, n

paying back a favour; repayment (of an obligation, kindness, etc.)

•

昔(むかし)、冬(ふゆ)の夜(よる)、おじいさんが森(もり)の中(なか)を歩(ある)いていました。

昔(むかし)

n, adj-no, adv

the old days; the past; former times; a long time ago

the past ten years; the past decade(used as a unit of time)

•

冬(ふゆ)

adv, n

winter

•

の

prt

indicates possessive(occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之)

prt

nominalizes verbs and adjectives

•••••

夜(よる)

n, adv

evening; night

dinner

•

おじいさん

grandfather(usu. お祖父さん when written with kanji)

male senior-citizen; old man(usu. お爺さん when written with kanji)

•

が

prt

indicates sentence subject (occasionally object)

prt

indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions)

•••

森(もり)

forest

shrine grove(esp. 杜)

•••

中(ちゅう)

medium (size); average (grade, level, etc.); middle

suf

in; within; out of (e.g. ten people); among

••••••

を

prt

indicates direct object of action

prt

indicates subject of causative expression

•••••

歩(ある)いて

vi, v5k

to walk

•

いました

suffix

indicates continuing action (to be ...ing)

•

そこに、鶴(つる)が1羽(わ)いました。

そこ

there (place relatively near listener)

there (place just mentioned); that place

•••

に

prt

at (place, time); in; on; during

prt

to (direction, state); toward; into

•••••••••

鶴(つる)

crane (any bird of the family Gruidae, esp. the red-crowned crane, Grus japonensis)

•

が

prt

indicates sentence subject (occasionally object)

prt

indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions)

•••

1(いち)羽(わ)

ctr

counter for birds, rabbits, etc.

いました

suffix

indicates continuing action (to be ...ing)

•

鶴(つる)はけがをしていました。

鶴(つる)

crane (any bird of the family Gruidae, esp. the red-crowned crane, Grus japonensis)

•

は

prt

indicates sentence topic(pronounced わ in modern Japanese)

prt

indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)

•

けが

n, vs

injury; wound

vs, n

mistake; accident; loss

•

を

prt

indicates direct object of action

prt

indicates subject of causative expression

•••••

して

vs-i

to do; to carry out; to perform

vs-i

to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into)

•••••••••••

いました

suffix

indicates continuing action (to be ...ing)

•

おじいさんは鶴(つる)を助(たす)けました。

おじいさん

grandfather(usu. お祖父さん when written with kanji)

male senior-citizen; old man(usu. お爺さん when written with kanji)

•

は

prt

indicates sentence topic(pronounced わ in modern Japanese)

prt

indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)

•

鶴(つる)

crane (any bird of the family Gruidae, esp. the red-crowned crane, Grus japonensis)

•

を

prt

indicates direct object of action

prt

indicates subject of causative expression

•••••

助(たす)けました

v1, vt

to save; to rescue; to spare

v1, vt

to help; to assist

•••

次(つぎ)の日(ひ)、おじいさんの家(いえ)にきれな女(おんな)の人(ひと)が来(き)ました。

次(つぎ)

n, adj-no

next; following; subsequent

adj-no, n

stage; station

•

の

prt

indicates possessive(occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之)

prt

nominalizes verbs and adjectives

•••••

日(ひ)

day; days

sun; sunshine; sunlight

•••••

おじいさん

grandfather(usu. お祖父さん when written with kanji)

male senior-citizen; old man(usu. お爺さん when written with kanji)

•

家(いえ)

house; residence; dwelling

family; household

••

に

prt

at (place, time); in; on; during

prt

to (direction, state); toward; into

•••••••••

きれ

v1, vt

to wear (from the shoulders down); to put on

v1, vt

to take (the blame, responsibility); to bear(as 汚名を〜, 罪を〜, etc.)

•

な

prt

don't(prohibitive; used with dictionary form verb)

prt

do(imperative (from なさい); used with -masu stem of verb)

••••••

女(おんな)の人(ひと)

n, exp

woman

•

が

prt

indicates sentence subject (occasionally object)

prt

indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions)

•••

来(き)ました

suffix

indicates action that had been continuing up till now / came to be

•

「とても寒(さむ)いですから、家(いえ)に泊(と)めてください！」

とても

adv

very; awfully; exceedingly(とっても is more emphatic)

adv

(not) at all; by no means; simply (cannot)(before a negative form)

•

寒(さむ)いです

adj-i

cold (e.g. weather)

adj-i

uninteresting (esp. joke); lame; dull; weak; corny

•

から

prt

from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since

prt

from (originator); by

••••••

家(いえ)

house; residence; dwelling

family; household

••

に

prt

at (place, time); in; on; during

prt

to (direction, state); toward; into

•••••••••

泊(と)めて

vt, v1

to give shelter to; to lodge; to put up; to accommodate

•

ください

suffix

please do ...

•

おじいさんは言(い)いました。「いいですよ。どうぞ！」

おじいさん

grandfather(usu. お祖父さん when written with kanji)

male senior-citizen; old man(usu. お爺さん when written with kanji)

•

は

prt

indicates sentence topic(pronounced わ in modern Japanese)

prt

indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)

•

言(い)いました

v5u

to say; to utter; to declare

v5u

to name; to call

••

いいです

adj-ix

good; excellent; fine; nice; pleasant; agreeable(also written 良い, 好い and 善い)

adj-ix

sufficient; enough; ready; prepared

••

よ

adj-ix

good; excellent; fine; nice; pleasant; agreeable(also written 良い, 好い and 善い)

adj-ix

sufficient; enough; ready; prepared

••

どうぞ

adv

please; kindly; pray; I beg (of you)

adv

by all means; certainly; of course; (go) ahead; (feel) free (to); (you are) welcome (to); please (help yourself to)(when giving permission or accepting a request)

•••

女(おんな)の人(ひと)はおじいさんにきれいな布(ぬの)をあげました。

女(おんな)の人(ひと)

n, exp

woman

•

は

prt

indicates sentence topic(pronounced わ in modern Japanese)

prt

indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)

•

おじいさん

grandfather(usu. お祖父さん when written with kanji)

male senior-citizen; old man(usu. お爺さん when written with kanji)

•

に

prt

at (place, time); in; on; during

prt

to (direction, state); toward; into

•••••••••

きれい

adj-na

pretty; lovely; beautiful; fair

adj-na

clean; clear; pure; tidy; neat

••

な

prt

don't(prohibitive; used with dictionary form verb)

prt

do(imperative (from なさい); used with -masu stem of verb)

••••••

布(ぬの)

cloth; fabric; material; textile

bujian (spade-shaped bronze coin of ancient China)

•

を

prt

indicates direct object of action

prt

indicates subject of causative expression

•••••

あげ

v1, vt

to raise; to elevate

v1, vt

to do up (one's hair)

•••••••••••

まし

adj-na

better; preferable; less objectionable; least-worst(esp. マシ)

n-suf

more; increase; extra

••

た

「私(わたし)はお金(かね)がありませんから、この布(ぬの)をあげます。」

私(わたし)

I; me(slightly formal or feminine)

•

は

prt

indicates sentence topic(pronounced わ in modern Japanese)

prt

indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)

•

お金(かね)

money

•

が

prt

indicates sentence subject (occasionally object)

prt

indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions)

•••

ありません

v5r-i, vi

to be; to exist; to live(usu. of inanimate objects)

v5r-i, vi

to have

••••

から

prt

from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since

prt

from (originator); by

••••••

この

adj-pn

this(something or someone close to the speaker (including the speaker), or ideas expressed by the speaker)

adj-pn

last (couple of years, etc.); these; past; this(in ref. to a stretch of time or date)

••

布(ぬの)

cloth; fabric; material; textile

bujian (spade-shaped bronze coin of ancient China)

•

を

prt

indicates direct object of action

prt

indicates subject of causative expression

•••••

あげます

v1, vt

to raise; to elevate

v1, vt

to do up (one's hair)

•••••••••••

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